ROLE OF BUDGETING IN THE PUBLIC SECTOR OF THE NIGERIA ECONOMY (A CASE STUDY OF NKANU WEST LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA)
A RESEARCH PROJECT CONDUCTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE AWARD OF A HIGHER NATIONAL DIPLOMA (HND) IN ACCOUNTANCY
ABSTRACT
This research work was carried out on the Role of Budgeting in the public sector of Nigerian Economy with particular reference to Nkanu west Local Government Area. This study is divided into five chapters, each dealing with particular aspect of the study.
Chapter one covered general introduction and overview of the subject including the statement of problem which is the fact that budget are made for development projects in the Local Government every year. But this development projects is the Local Government Projects in the Local Government are not fully executed. It also include the objective of the study which is to ascertain how far the Local Government adheres to its approved budget estimates a formulation of the hypothesis which include that the activities of the budget review committee is responsible for poor budget formulation and implementation in Knanu West Local Gov. Area. The chapter also dealt on the limitation of the study which include the fact that the researcher found it very difficult to obtain the approved budget estimate of the Local Government Area for this year.
Chapter two dealt on the review of related literature on the subject matter. The subject of chapter three was research methodology which describe the research population and sample, source of data, instrument for data collection which are oral interview and questionnaire, method of data analysis which is through the use of chi-square.
Chapter four was on the presentation and analysis of data. Data collection were critically analyzed and discussed relative to the problem stated in chapter one. The data collected upheld the hypothesis.
Chapter five was on the summary of the findings, recommendations which include that top management should display its total commitment to the success of each budget from its planning to the implementation. It was concluded that when budgets are made, they are supposed to be adhered to and ensure that it acts as a guide to management.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTTER ONE
CHAPTER TWO
2.1 History of budgeting 13
CHAPTER THREE
3.1 Population and sample 49
CHAPTER FOUR
4.1 Presentation of data 56
CHAPTER FIVE
5.1 Summary OF Findings 80
Bibliography 87
Appendix A 88
Appendix B 90
CHAPTER ONE
1.1 INTRODUCTION
The practice of budgeting is as old as modern
civilization and is central to effective management of lean resources. Its principles are applicable both in the private and public sector. Business environment is characterized essentially by uncertainties these uncertainties can reduce the business profit opportunities. If the management can look into the future in order to see area where problem are likely to occur, suspected uncertainties can be taken care of. We inquire into the future with predictions which tends to reduce the future uncertainties. The economic environment is filled with foreseeable and unforeseeable events. These events in the economic environment are built in the budget. Budget is futuristic and because of this, those who make the budget try to look into the future when making it.
In economic theory, resources are said to be scarce and have to be employed prudently to achieve maximum benefit. Budget provides a rational and objective basis for allocation of scarce resources in an economic. With so many competing needs and lean resources the discipline of budgeting compels people in charge to be discrete in allocation limited resources to meet unlimited expenditure possibilities. This does not suggest
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