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TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 Background - - - - - - - - 1
1.2 Research Questions - - - - - - - 2
1.3 Objectives of the Study - - - - - - 2
1.4 Research Hypothesis - - - - - - 3
1.5 Significance of the Study- - - - - - - 3
1.6 Scope of the Study- - - - - - - - 3
1.7 Limitations - - - - - - - - 4
1.8 Method of Data Collection and Analysis- - - - - 4
1.9 Conceptual Clarification- - - - - - - 5
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 Literature Review - - - - - - - 7
2.1 Concept of Civil – Military Relations - - - -
2.2 Concept of National Security - - - - - - 14
2.3 The Armed forces in Internal Security Operations - 15
2.4 Relevance of Internal Security Operations- - - - 20
2.5 Concept of Civil Affairs - - - - - - - 23
2.6 Roles of the Military- - - - - - - - 24
2.7 Theoretical Framework - - - - - - 27
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 Research Methodology - - - - - - 29
3.1 Research Design- - - - - - - - - 29
3.2 Area of study - - - - - - - - 30
3.3 Instrument of Data Collection - - - - - 30
3.4 Validations and Reliability of Instruments - - - 31
3.5 Weakness of the Methodology - - - - - 32
3.7 Summary - - - -- - - - - - 32
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 Data Presentation and Analysis - - - - - 38
4.1 Respondents profile - - - - - - - 38
4.2 Presentation and Analysis of Data - - - - - 42
4.3 Knowledge of the extent of Civil-Military Relations in
Armed Forces - - - - - - - - 43
4.5 Knowledge of the principles of internal Security operation - 48
4.6 Knowledge and participation in internal Security Operations
by Armed Forces Personnel - - - - - - 51
4.7 Test of hypothesis - - - - - - - 56
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0 Summary/Conclusion and Recommendations - - - 57
5.1 Summary/Conclusion - - - - - - - 57
5.2 Recommendations - - - - - - - 59
Bibliography- - - - - - - - - 61
Appendices- - - - - - - - - 63
ABSTRACT
This study examines the CMR in Nigeria and its implications on National Security. There have been various schools of thought worldwide on what constitutes CMR. Various postulations became necessary as the subject helps build cordial relationship between military and civilians toward achieving nations’ security collaborations and attainments. The term found it relevance since the end of Second World War. The paradigm shift from Attritionists’ Concepts Warfare to Manouvriest Approach to Warfare has further re-enforced this divergent views and arose intellectual research. The NATO came up with CIMIC which mean the same thing with CMR while, US and UN on the other hand, came up with Civil Affairs. The former seek to address civil-military synergy towards cordial relations through military aids to civil authority (MACA) in challenging situations and civilians on their own part, cooperates with military in making their task easy and achievable. Civil Affairs’ concept is based on military using civilians for the purposes other than providence, but as tools for commanders to achieve their campaign end-states. Nigeria chose to adopt CIMIC. The unhealthy Internal Security situations and challenges in Nigeria may have informed this decision. United States National Intelligence Council Report of 25 May 2005 which predicted that Nigeria will become a failed state by 2015 also necessitated adoption of multifaceted approaches. Hence, the adoption of CIMIC came handy as one of the palliative measures toward solving ethno/religious insurgences and agitations which have taken a front burner in Nigeria society. The methodology used, allow the description of key concepts, past events relating to ethnic pressure groups, ethnic militias etc on National Security. At the same time allow the analysis of data collated regarding the research variables.
Primary data were collected from respondents throughout the country. These were supported by secondary data from journals, newspapers, books and electronic sources. Government has made efforts to curtail the unwholesome activities of ethnic pressure groups. Some of the measures include the establishment of the OMPADEC, NDDC and others. The convocation of the NPRC was also an attempt to solve the problem of ethnic crisis. Despite these efforts, the negative activities of ethnic pressure groups persist unabated. Consequently, recommendations made include adequate training for personnel of Armed Forces in CMR in order to use it as a platform to curtail activities of ethnic pressure groups and reduce their influence on National Security situations. The research re
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