ABSTRACT :There is clarion call for a strong internal control as a measure for preventing errors in the manufacturing organization to make sure that, the organization assets are safeguard and that they need up with their financial obligations as at when due. On the lighter mood, considering the importance of internal control of life breweries limited Onitsha, the researcher deems it necessary to study the effectiveness of internal control. Directors and managers of the organization were interviewed and their records were examined, related tools were also reviewed by the researcher. The researcher revealed that the organization applies internal control measures though weak because of the nature of personnel management of the firm. The researcher recommended that company should review operation; measures applied and improve in their system of internal control by training their staff and changing the corrupt ones. It is imperially true that irrespective of the organization nature structure or size or whether is private or public, it must have one form of internal control or another which cuts across its operation inform of accounting system and controls. The main purpose of these controls is to help management, operate their organization more efficiently and effectively. Thus, internal control is essentially concerned with the maintenance of efficiency and effectiveness in the organization Effectiveness and efficiency are separate concepts and cannot be used interchangeable. It s perfectly possible to have an effective organization which is influent and vice-versa.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER 1:
Introduction
CHAPTER 3:
Research Methodology
3.1 Design of the study
3.2 Area of the study
3.3 Population of the study
3.9 Method of data Analysis
CHAPTER 4:
Data presentation and Analysis
CHAPTER 5:
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
References
Appendix A
Appendix B
Questionnaires
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Internal control is an insupportable part of the accounting profession where importance to growth and posterity of an organization cannot be over emphasized. It is incubate that no one can succeed without an effective and efficient internal control mechanism. Internal control can also be likened to the brake and steering in a business, which if they are not ther, th business train will crash. It can be likened to the laboratory or quality control machinery which controls the quality of production produced by an organization. According to the British auditing comedian, internal control is the whole system of control, financially and otherwise, established by the management in order to carry on the business of the enterprise in an orderly and affluent manner, ensure adherence to management policies, safeguard the assets and secure as far as possible the completeness and accuracy of the records. Control are of fundamental importance to the auditor profession, he must decide to ascertain the best approach to the plan the test he intend to carryout in his audit program, he should decide o what extent he can rely on
Internal system of internal control, he should ascertain the enterprises system of recording and processing transactions and adequately as a basis for the preparation of the financial statement. Horgan and Foster (1990:1910) defined internal control as “the set of accounting and administration control and practice that help to ensure that approved and appropriate decisions are made in an organization, the auditor should therefore ascertain record test and evaluate the operations of any internal control on which he wishes to place reliance in determining the nature, expent of auditing of his audit work on which his opinion on the financial statement will be based. internal control is best regarded as indicating the whole system of control, financially and otherwise, established by the management in the conduct of a business including, internal cheeks is best regarded as indicating the checks on the day to day transaction which operate continually as part of the routine system, where the work if the one person is proved independently or is complement to the work of another, the object being the prevention or early detection of errors and frauds.
This study is expected to view internal control as a measure of preventing errors in manufacturing industries with emphasis on special militating factors against internal control policies which includes independency of auditor, low balling, poor distribution of the enterprises and many other factors. Management has recognized internal control as a valuable tool in effectively crrying out its responsibilities and auditors have pressed for improvement in internal control to their effects to be of assistance to management as well as to permit education in audit work made possible by the increase in the credibility of the accounting records.
internal control comprises the whole system of financial and other control established and operating within an organization including internal cheek. internal audit and all other control established.
What is to be noted about internal control is that it is established by the management and it relates to the entire system of control in an orgaizaiton not limited ot accounting matters. Therefore within an organization, a control is seen as any action by management to enhance the livelihood that stable objectives and goals will be achieved.
Therefore the different types of internal control procedures such as in organizations which should define and allocate responsibility and identify lines of reporting, segregation of audits. Physical custody of assets, authorization and approval automatically and management through these areas of control; a kind of internal audit and internal cheek is maintained.
Evaluation of internal control has been of important of any management because of its objectives in any organization to succeed the management needs consistency and effectiveness of internal control producers.
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Life Brewires Company Limited Onitsha is a private liability company with above forty (40) share holders inclding some separate partners.
It is a Joint veture between Nigeria owing 70% and 30% co-Afria (French Company based in france havin 30%. The company was incorporated and was almost completed in 1982 and 1983. the office blocks were completed and handed over to the company on August 3rd 1983. the company is located at the head bridge indusrial area fegge layout Onitsha. The share capital has since been increased ot 22 million. The company is a brewery and othr drinks are produced like life continental lager beer 60cl contents for the purpose of study whih is aimed at viewing internal control as a measure of correcting or preventing errors in manufacturing company. internal control could be seen as the organization of accounting duties in such a way as to maximize the chances of accurate accounting and minimizes many chances of undefected fraud, error and litigation of negligence. Life Breweries sieves for the related years traced by he study lay credence.
On the effectiveness of the internal control installed by the management of the firm and carried out by the auditor and accounting general of the federation.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
By this the research wishes to confess the main fundamental and popular demands.
Nagging problem that necessitated the writing of the project. Below are some of the problems of this educative research work.
1.0 Excessive money laundry, frauds and misappropriation of fund in most manufacturing companies.
2.0 Lack of effective control found in Nigeria industries.
3.0 Problems encountered by auditors in the course of undertaking their auditing functions in Nigerian industries.
4.0 the use of internal control to defect and measure error and poor accountability in Nigerian manufacturing industries.
5.0 The essence of internal check and internal audit in Nigeria business organization
6.0 Weakness of management and internal control as the main reasons for business failure and low profitability.
1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
This research is at least expected to achieve the following objective at the end of the road.
To expose, how effective the installation of internal control mechanism could be used to prevent fraud and errors in life breweries and other manufacturing companies of the country.
i To show-case the need for auditors independence integrity and competence in carrying out all the auditing function and responsibilities.
ii to enhance and enxpatiate the benefits and importance of internal control to the profitability and growth of manufacturing industries.
iii How the weakness of management could negatively atlest the profitability and installation of effective country in an industry.
iv to recommend working measures that could be used ot enhance and positively improve the internal control structure of most organizations.
v Finally suggest how effective book keeping and accountability can contribute to the growth of the organizational internal control policies.
1.4 RESEARCH QUESTION
There is no way such a quantity and research investigation can be without the satisfaction asking him so many questions to other respondents that supplied solution whitish formed basis for the generation inference and conclusion arrived at after the exercise.
Below are the fundamental research questions which the researcher considered quite adequate to the success of the study.
i What is this internal control all about
ii How is internal control policies formulated in your firm and what level of management is responsible for this critical responsibility.
iii Hw has internal control helped to detect fraud and prevent errors in your firm so far?
iv What roels have the auditors and the accountant of your firm played in order to contribute teir respective quota to thje growth of internal control.
v Do you think your company can afford to succeed and meet up with world and management standard without the aid of internal control.
vi How many accounting departments do you have?
1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The importance and significance of this educative and qualititative analysis cannot be over emphasized as internal control is an insupportable through internal part of the accounting profession.
Below are some of the reasons and relevant significant which triggered the conditions of the research investigation.
- The rate of incessant frauds, errors and misappropriation of fraud recorded by most organization and manufacturing industries as a result ineffective internal control.
- The sudden collapse, winding off, liquidation, bankruptcy and premature manufacturing firms.
- To applause the inseparable function rendered by auditors and accounting officers of industries
- It is equally expected of this study to suggest to management how best to improve or rather effectively enhanced their internal control.
- To administer justice and punish those persons responsible for over shadowing and infringing on auditors independency and integrity.
1.6 SCOPE OF STUDY
The research if not because of the minute period of time and few months given by the management of any school for it’s completion, it could have covered some other non-production organization, including non-profit making entities like churches, cleanable organization, clubs etc.
However, the scope of this research is only limited to manufacturing companies of this country. With the life breweries of Onitsha as a case study b
| 1 - 5 of 96 Reviews |