INCIDENCE OF VAGINAL CANDIDACIES AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN AN PARK-LANE, HOSPITAL, A CASE STUDY OF PREGNANT WOMEN ATTENDING ANTENATAL CLINK AT PARK-LINE ENUGU
ABSTRACT
This project attempts to determine the frequency rate of candidiasis among pregnant women in Abakpa Nike Enugu. One hundred and ten samples of high vaginal swabs were collected and examined wet in the microscope. The sample were donated by pregnant women attending ante-natal clinics at park-lane hospital Enugu. Eighty-five samples out of the one hundred and ten samples collected from the pregnant women were candida positive. The candida specie implicated were classified as follows: sixty pregnant women had Candida Albicans, ten had candida torulopsis, seran had Candida Kmse and eight had Candida Stellordea.
The samples were collected as follows. They were asked to open up their legs wide enough and the swab stick was inserted into the vagina and turned once. Normal saline was added to the sample solution and examined. The samples was examined wet under the microscope, budding yeast-like cells were observed.
The results indicated that the frequency rate is high as a result of illiteracy and poor hygienic state of most pregnant women within the study area. Improved hygiene and health education are stronghy recommended for the generality of people and women preparing for marriage particularly Park-Lane Enugu.
TABLE OF CONTENT
1.1 Hypothesis 7
1.2 Statement of problem 8
1.3 Limitations 8
1.4 Justification 8
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Candidiasis is a systemic disease result from the presence of yeast like fungi in the urinary track of a pregnant women (Derek 1982). Candidiasis is most often sexually transmitted though there are some other predisposing gander like poor hygiene in the genial areas, use of oral contraceptive pill, diabetes mellitus etc. it is an acute or chronic mycotic infusion usually affecting the skin, narks or mucons membares of the mouth and gentles but capable at times of producing lesions gastrointestinal tracks, meringues and endocandun it is also an opportumstic furgus that canses candiadiasis in compromised patients candidiasis has a world wide distribution but its frequency and severity increases with warm weather, which indices excessive perspiration. It occurs in poor nutrient media, especially those deficient in protein (Lodder at al 1958).
Candidiasis is accompanied by a number of symptoms such as server itching in and around the vulva, thick pumdent discharge yellowroish in colour and a cheese consistercy discharge ete. An excess of vaginal discharge from any cause may lead to vulva privates. In candidiasis, there may be vulvitis with redness of the vagina, with masses of whose, cheesy material.
The infection candidiasis manifest as follows:
This infecting responds to Amphotericin B. in patients with intertrigo of the groin, oral Nystatin, 500,000 units trice daily, should be gun in addition for tendegs several species of candida have been implicated as pathogenic to man. Some of these include-candida albicars, candida quasi candida tropically, candida parasols and candida pseudohopicals.
The most frequent cause of superficial and systemic candidiasis is candida albcars. This organism is highly virulent for laboratory anneals and fowls. Candidiasis can be controlled if pregnant mothers improve their standard of living and avoid weaning or the use of highs materals at all times e.g nylonparts etc.
This infection responds to Nystetion taken by mouth for five to seven days.
The infection responds to clotimazoleciean applied mighty for two-three weeks.
Candida infection are contagious and may be haramitted from person to person, therefore climatic condition, heat and humility which induce increased perspiration, prolonged immersion of hands or body in water leaching to maceration debilitating diseases, the administration of broad spectrum antiseptics pregnancy, high chapose one to the infection.
The affected areas are red, raw and beefy in appearance, but may have wilitish, and like deposits in their suyeces. There may be mild burring sensation present, but itching is much more likely to be hnorable some.
It is therefore vital before leaching candida infection to identify the cricum stances that allowed its establishment if all the condition that predispose one of the infections are properly conceited, the infection will not mangiest.
In the treatment of candida infection gendarme violet (or brilliant green) in 0.5 – 1% argents solution is still the most effective ready. This treatment is messy but it is gladly accepted by patients who have failed to respond to deaner and more elegant medications.
Other drugs that are used include Nystertm (mycostatin) in cream, ointment or powder, and amphoterian – B (effective zone) in cream or lohon. These are often effective and less messy. They should be applied three times daily for at least ten days.
Aqueous suspensions are preferable . after applies hons the area should be sprinked with talcium powder or Nystatin powder. Thet oral administration of Nystatin tablets three times daily or vaginal medication twice daily help to eliminate a source of infection in the vagina or gastrointeshrel treat.
Amphoterian B. is another during of chroice in the treatment of candida infection. The initial close is 0.25mglkg administered inhavenoraly daily.
Flucytosine are oral antifingal during has been successfully used in the treatment of systemic candidiasis. The dosage is 60 to 150mg 1kg1day given in four divided closes after food for a minimum of four weeks.
Clorhimazole, an oral antifuingal during has been successful in the treatment of generalized candidiasis clommazole (canester) pessanes also are effective. But it appears that mconazole where is nearest the ideal during for vaginal candidiasis. It has a broad spectrum anti mycolic and anti-bacterial achinly. The cream is applied daily preferably last thing at night.
Candidiasis is a debilitate armlet, which appears to cause discomfit and embarrassment mostly to pregnant women.
This project attempts to examine the frequency rate of candidiasis among pregnant woman at park lane. It seeks to identify such cases with a view to finding a more permanent manicure or solution as well as propose possible preventive measure when this is done, pregnant mothers will have found complete freedom to go into gestation without let or ado.
1.1 HYPOTHESIS
Ho Pregnant woman attending antenatal clinic at park lane hospital are ingested with candidiasis.
H1 There is no incidence of candidiasis among pregnant woman at park lane hospital
1.2 STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
Candidiasis is endemic and paramedic in our rural and urban areas, because of the pathogenic nature of this organism, in terms of causing infection such as initiation, rashes. Inflammation when not properly treated. It can also lead to the child (baby) been infected, when the woman is not treated before gestation.
1.3 LIMITATION
This is limited to only pregnant woman attending ante – natal at park lane.
1.4 JUSTIFICATION
To enlighten the public (especially pregnant woman on the dangers of candidiasis to woman health and to educate them to improve personal hygiene in order to eliminate the fungal disease.
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