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THE ROLE OF REWARD AND PUNISHMENT ON THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF SCONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS: A CASE STUDY OF SOME SELECTED SECONDARY SCHOOL

 

ABSTRACT

This project work is the role and reward of punishment on the academic performance of secondary school students. A Case Study of Selected Secondary School in Oredo Local Government Area of Edo State in order to carry out the study the researcher formulates research questions. A questionnaire made up of 20 items was used to elicit response from the respondents. The population of the study consisted of students from selected secondary schools. The data was analyzed using simple percentage. Discussion of results that emerged from the study revealed that there is high level of student’s population who takes to punishment as a habit. That majority of learnt the act of punishment from their peer group e.t.c based on the discussion of result useful recommendation were made it is my ardent belief that these recommendation are implemented by the authorities concerned it will go a long way in stopping punishment among students in the locality.

 

TABLE OF CONTENT

Chapter One

Introduction

Background of the study

Statement of problem

Purpose of study

The significance of the study

Research questions

Scope of the study

Limitation of the study

Definition of terms

Chapter Two

Literature review

Chapter Three    

Methodology of the study

Introduction

Administration of questionnaire

Research instrument

Method of data analysis

Chapter Four

Data analysis and presentation

Chapter Five

Summary, conclusion and recommendation

References  

Questionnaires   

 

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

       One of the means through which a teacher can maintain class discipline in secondary school is through reward and punishment. The effective use of reward and punishment in secondary schools and been expressed by many educationist and psychologists and these contributing views and feelings of other (educationist and psychologist) will be brought together by the writer during the course of study so that the reader can be given sufficient ground work on which to base his conclusion after writing the resource work.

       According to Kelly (1990) define reward as materials and intangible values that can be employed to motivate students to learn. If a teacher fails to recognized individual differences in pupils, or fails to threat the pupils according to their maturity their cultural background, interest and personalities, then he is likely to reduce the effectiveness of the incentives, which he may choose the use pupils of different ages have different abilities. According to Orlich et al (1985) wrote that punishment is both a rather unreliable techniques that is likely to have unfortunate side effect.

       Reward and punishment is also equally an area of interest which is closely involves many parents and teachers who feel the need for education authority to define its limitation so as not to over step their bounds are limits reward and punishment, especially when they are related to learning process are most debated solution must be sought out in this intriguing issue because the outcome will give a practical advice and guidance to those who are just beginning the teaching career or to parents who show much concern over their children’s success in life. The work does not even claim to solve all the problems concern with punishment and reward in learning process in the school but rather in the highlight some possible solutions will be of abundant educational values to both teachers and prevents and the public in general.

1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

       The work is on the study of the effects of reward and punishment on academic performance of students in some selected schools in Oredo local government area of Edo state. Many educationists (psychologist) have written many books covering this topic, the writer attempts in the study therefore to examine the views of some of these renowned writers in addition to their research finding and personal experience so as to be able to know the following problems.

1. To find out whether effective learning can take place form of punishment.
2. Whether there is other method of learning effectively without reward and punishment.
3. If punishment has effect on the learning process of the students in secondary school.
4. If reward and punishment can be combine so that much can be achieved in terms of educational objectives.

1.3 PURPOSE OF STUDY

       The main aims and objective why the writer is carrying out this research is simply to give more information about reward and punishment in secondary school in Oredo   local government area of Edo State.

 

1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

       The study will help to lay more emphasis on the effective use of punishment and reward by policy makers; those who plan the curriculum the effects of reward and punishment in our secondary schools.

       It will also benefits the Edo state ministry of education because it will provide them useful information about the roles of rewards and punishment as a means or enhancing learning in our society at large.

1.5 RESEARCH QUESTIONS

       This study is guided by the following questions;

1. It is punishment a way of correcting students?
2. Do parents and teachers support the use of punishment?
3. Does reward promote or encourage learning?
4. Does punishment have negative effect on learning?

LIMITATIONS OF STUDY

       Schools selected are well planned and whole structured so getting all teachers in their staff room at the same time to ask questions is difficult.

       The students were not free either. As their curriculum was so tight that the researcher had to go through some procedures that were both necessary for them because she reach both teachers and students by personal investigation; another problem that likely to be encountered is during oral interview where students may not be available for questions.

 

DEFINITION OF TERMS

• Reward: an act of appreciating a job well done.
• Punishment: an act of correcting a wrong act or character exhibited.
• Discipline: is the act of training people to obey rules and others and punishing them if they do not the controlled or situation that results from this training.
• Investigation: is the act of official examination of the facts about a situation, crime e.t.c a criminal murder police investigation.
• Sufficient: enough for a particular purpose as much as you need allow sufficient time to get there